Screening of Stilbene Glucosides Biosynthesis-related Genes in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. by mRNA Differential Display Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To screen and clone the genes related to stilbene glucosides biosynthesis in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Methods The differentially expressed genes in the root, stem and leaf of Polygonum multiflorum which have different contents of stilbene glucosides were screened by differential display reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (DDRT-PCR). After pMD19-T carrier was inserted into the obtained differential genes for sequencing and comparison, the gene function was analyzed. Results Fifty-one differentially expressed cDNA fragments were found. Of them, 9 were used for the identification by semi-quantitative PCR. The identification results presented 3 positive fragments, one fragment was specifically expressed in the stem and leaf of Polygon-um multiflorum Thunb., sharing high homology with glycine dehydrogenase, and 2 were specifically expressed in the root of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., having high homology with enoyl-CoA hydratase and aminopeptidase N, respectively. Conclusion Three homologous gene sequences obtained through DDRT-PCR provide a basis for the further study of biosynthetic pathway of stilbene glucoside from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb..

The correlation between the OATP1B1 521T ＞ C genetic polymorphism and essential hypertension / 中国基层医药

Objective To study the relationship between the OATP1B1 521T ＞ C genetic polymorphism and essential hypertension.Methods 164 essential hypertension subjects and 159 normotensive subjects were detected by the TaqMan-MGB probe real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,and the results were compared with those of DNA sequencing.Results The frequencies of T/C genotype and C allele of OATP1B1 521T ＞ C gene of the essential hypertension subjects were obviously lower than those of the normotensive subjects(T/C genotype:0.16 vs 0.25,P ＜0.05 ;C allele:0.10 vs 0.17,P ＜0.05),The difference was significant.Binary logistic stepwise regression analysis was used for evaluatine the risk factors of essential hypertension,there was significant relationship between OATP1 B1 52IT ＞ C gene polymorphism and essential hypertension.Conclusion The SLCO1 B1 521T ＞ C variant was common in Chinese essential hypertension population,but the difference of frequency of SLCO1B1 52IT ＞ Cmuton between the essential hypertension patients and the normotensive controls was of obviously statistical significance,which indicates that the SLCO1B1521T ＞ C variant maybe associate with essential hypertension.

Influence of najanalgesin from Naja naja on GLT-1 in spinal cord of rat in neuropathic pain / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of najanalgesin on glutamate-glial transporter 1(GLT-1) in spinal cord of rats after L5 spinal nerve ligation and transection (SNL), and explore the spinal analgesic mechanism of najanalgesin.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>One hundred male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: sham(A), SNL(B), SNL + najanalgesin(C), SNL + saline (D), SNL + najanalgesin + liposome (E), SNL + najanalgesin + liposome + GLT-1 As-ODNs(F) and treated with intrathecal injections of 10 p.L saline (A and D), 40 ng X kg(-1) najanalgesin (C, E and F), qd, respectively. Besides intrathecal administration of najanalgesin the rats were intrathecally injected with 10 microL of GLT-1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (As-ODNs) (F) and 10 micdroL of liposome(E) once daily on day 3. The L4-L6 segments of the spinal cord were isolated in 1, 4 and 7 d(A,B,C and D), 7 d(E and F) after surgery. The mRNA and protein of GLT-1 were determined.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The SNL model has successfully been set up. Compared to sham group, the expression of GLT-1 mRNA and protein level in group B and D both increased firstly and decreased later, the expression of GLT-1 in group C was significantly increased and kept stable, which were also higher when compared to group D in day 7th. Compared to SNL + najanalgesin group, after intrathecal injection of GLT-1 As-ODNs the GLT-1, expression of GLT-1 in F group significantly decreased. While intrathecal administration of liposome had no significant effect on the spinal GLT-1 expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Najanalgesin could increase the mRNA and protein expression of GLT-1 in spinal cord, which may be one of its spinal mechanisms of analgesia.</p>

A comprehensive overview of type III polyketide synthases from plants: molecular mechanism and application perspective--a review / 生物工程学报

Type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) from plants produce a variety of plant secondary metabolites with notable structural diversity and biological activity. These metabolites not only afford plants the ability to defend against pathogen attack and other external stresses, but also exhibit a wide range of biological effects on human health. Several plant PKSs have been identified and studied in recent years. This paper summarized what was known about plant PKSs and some of their aspects such as molecular structure, reaction mechanisms, gene expression and regulation, and transgenic engineering. The review provides information for manipulating polyketide formation and further increasing the scope of polyketide biosynthetic diversity, as well as new avenues for developing transgenic engineering of type III PKSs.

Yeast surface display of HIV-1 gp41 and expression enhancement / 生物工程学报

HIV-1 gp41 has been successfully anchored on the cell surface of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by yeast cell-surface display systems using His-tag for the detection of protein expression. Gp41 activity has been detected by gp41 monoclonal antibody. The vector for gp41 yeast display has been constructed as follows: the gene-encoding gp41 was amplified by PCR using pMD18T-gp41 as a template, and then inserted into shuttle vector pICAS-His by restriction enzyme digestion. Next, the vectors were introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae MT8-1. After cultivation, recombinant cells were immunofluorescence labelled. The bright green cells were observed by the microscopy indicating the proteins have been displayed on the cell surface successfully, flow cytometry convinced that gp41 has been folded correctly on the cell surface. Then different concentrations of initial glucose were used to enhance the expression of protein. gp41 has been expressed by 82.46% yeast cells as the concentration of glucose was 1%. Protein expression was depressed when the concentration was increased.

Analysis of 28 Cases of Seizure Induced by Imipenem/cilastatin Reported in Domestic Literature / 药物流行病学杂志

Objective:To analyze and discuss the factors of seizure induced by imipenem/cilastatin.Method: The reports of seizure induced by imipenem/cilastatin from CBMDisc(1971-2006)and CHKD(1994-2006)were re- viewed and analyzed with Excel.Result:28 cases of seizure induced by imipenem/cilastatin were collected,including 20 men and 8 women with the principal primary respiratory infection with an average age of 66.5.Seizure occurred as early as 10 min.after the medication,and occurred latest in the fourth day of the medication.22 cases showed grand mal seizure and 6,partial seizure with a duration ranging from 20s to 30min and with a frequency of eight seizures.18 cases discontin- ued the administration,and 8 cases took lower daily dosage,in which some were given antiepileptic drugs or other adjunc- tive therapy,and 2 cases were not treated at all.All the cases recovered and were discharged from hospital except one who died from his circulation failure and respiration failure.The cause-effect relations of the relevance evaluation of seizures e- yoked by imipenem/cilastatin were as follows:1 sure case,26 probable cases,and 1 possible case.Conclusion:Seizure can be induced by imipenem/cilastatin,Owhich should be rationally used.More attention should be paid in clinic so as to ensure a safe medication.

Ribosomal DNA ITS sequence analysis of Aquilaria sinensis from different geographical origin in China / 中华中医药杂志

Objective: To study rDNA ITS (internal transcribed spacers) sequences variation from di erent population of Aquilaria sinensis in main habitat of China. Methods: The rDNA ITS regions of various A. sinensis were ampli ed by PCR method and sequenced, and they were analyzed by means of the software of CLUSTAL and MEGA. Results: The sequences of rDNA ITS region of A. sinensis were reported for the rst time, and the sequences of ITS region were 680bp (ITS1 246bp, 5.8S 163bp, ITS2 271bp). There were 6 variable sites among populations and the genetic distance were 0.0% to 1.1%,which indicated the intraspecific genetic variation was low of A. sinensis. Conclusion: The variation of rDNA ITS sequences can be used to authenticate A.sinensis from di erent geographical regions and their adulterants.

Calculation of Optimal Pharmacokinetic-equation Parameters in Drugs by Intravenous Administration Using Excel Programming Solution / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish a simple method for calculating the optimal pharmacokinetic-equation parameters in drugs by intravenous administration using Excel programming solution.METHODS:The pharmacokinetic parameters and compartment model parameters after intravenous injection drugs were computed by means of Excel programming solution,and the results were compared with those computed by DAS method or residual method.RESULTS:By means of Excel programming solution,the optimal pharmacokinetic parameters of one-and two-compartment models were obtained,which were completely in line with those computed by DAS program.CONCLUSION:Excel programming solution is applicable for the computation of the pharmacokinetic parameters of one-and two-compartment models following intravenous injection drugs.

Experience with Central Dispensing Mode by Applying “Army No.1” System / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To implement scientific drug control in inpatient dispensary by means of “Army No.1” system and to establish digitalized drug quality control system. METHODS: The “Army No.1” network system was put into wide operation in our hospital to establish interconnection among doctor workstation, nurse workstation and pharmacy workstation. Hence, the central dispensing mode was established. RESULTS: The operation of Army No.1 system not only relieved the workload of both clinic and pharmacy, increased whose working efficiency and transparency but also reduced overstock and run-off of drugs and enforced drug monitoring; meanwhile it facilitate the carrying out of pharmaceutical care and evaluation of drug utilization. CONCLUSIONS: Central dispensing mode in inpatient dispensary drug control by means of “Army No.1” system is advisable and which deserves generalization.

Application of PDCA Cycle-based Quality Control System in ISO9001Standardization of Our Department / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To carry out the ISO9001standard quality control system in the department of pharmacy.METHODS:The procedures and methods of PDCA cycle(Plan-Do-Check-Action)were applied to our department's ISO9001quality authentication standardization.RESULTS:The application of PDCA cycle-based ISO9001standards proved to be successful in the standardization of our department.CONCLUTION:The ISO9001quality authentication following the PDCA cycle is effective.

Quantization and Enforcement of Medicine Provision Management Aim in Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To improve hospital's drug control level.METHODS:Quantized medicine provision management aims like stock limit,conformity rate of object-account of single category,medicine loss,mistake rate of recipe preparation,etc.were made and enforced.RESULTS:Through the above aims,medicine stock has been reduced effectively;the conformity rate of object-account has been increased;the medicine loss and incidences of mistakes in recipe preparation have been decreased.CONCLUSION:Working out feasible medicine provision management aims is an effective way to strengthen drug control.

Setting Upper and Lower Limit for Drugs in Hospital Pharmacy Stock Drug Management and the Influencing Factors / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To control scientifically the limits of stock drugs in Hospital.METHODS:The method of setting the upper and lower limit of stored drugs through Hospital Information System(HIS)and the influencing factors were discussed by taking the outpatient pharmacy of our hospital as an example.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Working out scientific and reasonable upper and lower limit for stock drugs is helpful for the improvement of the management quality of hospital pharmacy.

Recoguizing the Importance of ADR Monitoring of Drugs Available on the Market From PPA Event / 中国药房

AIM: To recognize the importance of ADR monitoring of drugs available on the market from PPA Event. MET- HODS: With reviewing relevant literatures and scanning relevant network stations. we summarlzed the importance of moni- toring ADR of drugs available on the market and signiticance of creating a perfect evaluation mechanisms and systems of ADR monitoring for those drugs. and analysed several method of ADR monitoring and points for attention Finally. we gave several suggestions about enhancing ADR monitoring .RESULTS& CONCLUSION:ADR events can be effectively pre- vented by perfect evaluation mechanisms and ADR monitoring systems of drugs available on the market.

Immunoregulation effects of polysaccharides isolated from Octopus dollfusi on immunosuppression mice / 中国海洋药物

Objective To study the immunoregulation effect of three kinds of polysaccharides extracted from different tissues of Octopus dollfusi on immunosuppression mice.Methods Two kinds of immunosuppression mice models were built by ip,cyclophosphamide(CY) and sc.hydrocortisone(HC),respectively.The spleen and thymus were weighed and the index of the immune organs was calculated.The white blood cells were counted by automated hematologic analyzer.Results In certain concentrations(20～80 mg?kg-1),the three kinds of polysaccharides could antagonize the atrophy of spleen and thymus caused by CY and HC,and increase the weight of spleen and thymus;The polysaccharides could protect against leukocytopenia induced by CY and HC,and especially in low and middle dose.Conclusion The results suggested that three kinds of polysaccharides extracted from Octopus dollfusi have potent enhancement effect on non-specific immunity for the immunosuppression mice.

Quantitative Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Research Performance in Our Department during 2001～2005 / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a quantitative evaluation on pharmaceutical research performance in our department. METHODS: Our department's annual research performance during 2001～2005 was scored by integrated weighting method. RESULTS: The research performance in our department over the five years achieved overall high scoring, especially in 2003 and 2004. CONCLUSION: Integrated weighting method can be used to evaluate pharmaceutical research performance.

Establishment and Application of Control Model of Hospital Drug Stock / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the control model of hospital drug stock.METHODS:We established the control model of hospital drug stock named as"ABC rule of periodical and quantitative drug management"by combining the rule of ABC classified drug management,quantitative order drug management,and periodical order drug management.RESULTS&CON?CLUSION:The drug stock was controlled reasonably by using this control model.That ensured drug neither overstocked nor run out of,the drug stock kept within the amount of sale in20days in drug storehouse,and in25days in pharmacy.

The Pharmacokinetics of ~(125)I-PEG-SOD and ~(125)I-SOD enteric-coated Capsules in Rabbits / 中国药房

heart.CONCLUSION:The half-life of PEG-SOD enteric coated capsules is much longer than that of SOD enteric coated capsule and is worth further studying as a new type preparation

Metabolic Characteristics and Its Effects of Metronidazole and Tinidazole in Human Bile / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the regulation of metabolic characteristics of metronidazole and tinidazole in human bile,and provide a theoretic basis for physician selecting antibiotic rationally when biliary tract was infected.Methods Samples of hman bile were obtained by ERCP plus ENBD,contents of metronidazole and tinidazole were simultaneously measured by HPLC method in the human bile and plasma.Results 0 25 hour after metronidazole and tinidazole were given through iv,contents of two antibiotics had reached the effective bactericida.Concentraction,content of tinidazole in the bile was relatively stable,but its C max was lower as compared with the metronidazole,contents of the two antibiotics in bile were continuously higher than those of the effective bactericidal in 24 hours,and after 16 hours and re-raise was observed in contents of the two antibiotics in bile.Conclusion As maintaining a higher concentration level for long time in the bile by iv,metronidazole and tinidazole were recommended in the patients with an infection in biliary truct.

Research on the “Wuli-Shili-Renli”model of hospital management / 中华医院管理杂志

The hospital is a dynamic, discrete, flexible, open and complicated system. The paper offered an analysis of the hospital system from the Wuli-Shili-Renli perspective, simplifying the complex process of medical activities into a clear-cut diagram of the system architecture. It also gave an account of the construction of a simulation model of specialized knowledge in hospital management by means of KBS, with the integration of the Wuli-Shili-Renli ideology into the KBS, and expounded the significance of Renli in the model of hospital management.

Construction and analysis of Polygonum multiflorum cDNA library / 中草药

Objective To construct a cDNA library of three-year old Polygonum multiflorum leaf tissues so as to further research the gene regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis of medicinal plants. Methods Total RNA from leaf tissues of P.multiflorum was extracted and mRNA was purified,which were synthesized to double strand cDNA through reverse transcription.After the cDNA termini was blunted,the 5' end of EcoR Ⅰ adapters phosphorylated was conjoined,and then digested by Xho Ⅰ,cDNA fragments were fractionated by Sepharose CL-2B spin column.The fragments longer than 400 bp were linked to Uni-ZAP XR vector.The primary cDNA library was established after the recombinants had been packaged.Uni-ZAP XR Vector might fleetly release pBluescript SK-phasmids at the presence of ExAssist helper phage of coinfection and inverted E.coli SOLR.Finally,PCR and double enzymes digestion were used to analyze the range of inserts,respectively. Results The titer of cDNA primary library was 1.07?106pfu/mL and the length of exogenous insert was at about 0.5-2.0 kb with 5.4?105 recombinants,the recombinants of amplified library were 4.25?1011 and the rate of recombination was 98.5%. Conclusion The results indicate that the cDNA library of P.multiflorum leaf tissues has enough volume for screening the desired genes and sets up a basis for studying on gene regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis of medicinal plants besides.